Anthocyanin-rich extracts inhibit multiple biomarkers of colon cancer in rats.
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Authors
Lala, GeetaMalik, Minnie
Zhao, Cuiwei
He, Jian
Kwon, Youngjoo
Giusti, M. Monica
Magnuson, Bernadene A.
Issue Date
2006
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemoprotective activity of anthocyanin-rich extracts (AREs) from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), chokeberry (Aronia meloncarpa E.), and grape (Vitis vinifera) by assessing multiple biomarkers of colon cancer in male rats treated with a colon carcinogen, azoxymethane. Fischer 344 male rats were fed the AIN-93 diet (control) or AIN-93 diet supplemented with AREs for 14 wk. Biomarkers that were evaluated included the number and multiplicity of colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF), colonic cell proliferation, urinary levels of oxidative DNA damage, and expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) genes. To assess the bioavailability, levels of anthocyanins in serum, urine, and feces were evaluated. Total ACF were reduced (P<0.05) in bilberry, chokeberry, and grape diet groups compared with the control group. The number of large ACF was also reduced (P<0.05) in bilberry and chokeberry ARE-fed rats. Colonic cellular proliferation was decreased in rats fed bilberry ARE and chokeberry ARE diets. Rats fed bilberry and grape ARE diets had lower COX-2 mRNA expression of gene. High levels of fecal anthocyanins and increased fecal mass and fecal moisture occurred in ARE-fed rats. There was also a significant reduction (P<0.05) in fecal bile acids in ARE-fed rats. The levels of urinary 8-hydroxyguanosine were similar among rats fed different diets. These results support our previous in vitro studies suggesting a protective role of AREs in colon carcinogenesis and indicate multiple mechanisms of action.Citation
Nutr. Cancer 2006, 54 (1):84-93Journal
Nutrition and CancerPubMed ID
16800776Type
ArticleLanguage
enDescription
Dietary modulation of cancer & cancer biomarkers; Dietary modulation of carcinogenesis-related pathways. Dietary item or component studied: anthocyanin. Outcome studied: colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF); colonic cell proliferation; urinary levels of oxidative DNA damage; expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) genes. Study type: Fischer 344 male rats Tissue/biological material/sample size: colon; serum; urine; fecesMode of exposure: dietary. Impact on outcome (including dose-response): Total ACF were reduced (P<0.05) in bilberry, chokeberry, and grape diet groups compared with the control group. The number of large ACF was also reduced (P<0.05) in bilberry and chokeberry ARE-fed rats. Colonic cellular proliferation was decreased in rats fed bilberry ARE and chokeberry ARE diets. Rats fed bilberry and grape ARE diets had lower COX-2 mRNA expression of gene. High levels of fecal anthocyanins and increased fecal mass and fecal moisture occurred in ARE-fed rats. There was also a significant reduction (P<0.05) in fecal bile acids in ARE-fed rats. The levels of urinary 8-hydroxyguanosine were similar among rats fed different diets. KEYWORDS - CLASSIFICATION: administration & dosage;analogs & derivatives;analysis;Animals;Anthocyanins;Bile;Bile Acids and Salts;Biological Availability;Biological Markers;Body Weight;Cell Division;chemistry;Colon;Colonic Neoplasms;Cyclooxygenase 2;dietary modulation of cancer & cancer biomarkers;dietary modulation of carcinogenesis-related pathways;drug effects;Eating;Feces;Food;Fruit;genetics;Guanine;humans;Male;pathology;pharmacokinetics;Phytotherapy;Plant Extracts;prevention & control;Rats;Rats,Inbred F344;Research;RNA,Messenger;Rosaceae;Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms;urine;Vaccinium myrtillus;Vitis;Water;ISSN
0163-5581ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1207/s15327914nc5401_10
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