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    Anthocyanin-rich extracts inhibit multiple biomarkers of colon cancer in rats.

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    Authors
    Lala, Geeta
    Malik, Minnie
    Zhao, Cuiwei
    He, Jian
    Kwon, Youngjoo
    Giusti, M. Monica
    Magnuson, Bernadene A.
    Issue Date
    2006
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemoprotective activity of anthocyanin-rich extracts (AREs) from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), chokeberry (Aronia meloncarpa E.), and grape (Vitis vinifera) by assessing multiple biomarkers of colon cancer in male rats treated with a colon carcinogen, azoxymethane. Fischer 344 male rats were fed the AIN-93 diet (control) or AIN-93 diet supplemented with AREs for 14 wk. Biomarkers that were evaluated included the number and multiplicity of colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF), colonic cell proliferation, urinary levels of oxidative DNA damage, and expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) genes. To assess the bioavailability, levels of anthocyanins in serum, urine, and feces were evaluated. Total ACF were reduced (P<0.05) in bilberry, chokeberry, and grape diet groups compared with the control group. The number of large ACF was also reduced (P<0.05) in bilberry and chokeberry ARE-fed rats. Colonic cellular proliferation was decreased in rats fed bilberry ARE and chokeberry ARE diets. Rats fed bilberry and grape ARE diets had lower COX-2 mRNA expression of gene. High levels of fecal anthocyanins and increased fecal mass and fecal moisture occurred in ARE-fed rats. There was also a significant reduction (P<0.05) in fecal bile acids in ARE-fed rats. The levels of urinary 8-hydroxyguanosine were similar among rats fed different diets. These results support our previous in vitro studies suggesting a protective role of AREs in colon carcinogenesis and indicate multiple mechanisms of action.
    Citation
    Nutr. Cancer 2006, 54 (1):84-93
    Journal
    Nutrition and Cancer
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10146/56855
    DOI
    10.1207/s15327914nc5401_10
    PubMed ID
    16800776
    Additional Links
    http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a785829855~db=all~order=page
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    Description
    Dietary modulation of cancer & cancer biomarkers; Dietary modulation of carcinogenesis-related pathways. Dietary item or component studied: anthocyanin. Outcome studied: colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF); colonic cell proliferation; urinary levels of oxidative DNA damage; expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) genes. Study type: Fischer 344 male rats Tissue/biological material/sample size: colon; serum; urine; fecesMode of exposure: dietary. Impact on outcome (including dose-response): Total ACF were reduced (P<0.05) in bilberry, chokeberry, and grape diet groups compared with the control group. The number of large ACF was also reduced (P<0.05) in bilberry and chokeberry ARE-fed rats. Colonic cellular proliferation was decreased in rats fed bilberry ARE and chokeberry ARE diets. Rats fed bilberry and grape ARE diets had lower COX-2 mRNA expression of gene. High levels of fecal anthocyanins and increased fecal mass and fecal moisture occurred in ARE-fed rats. There was also a significant reduction (P<0.05) in fecal bile acids in ARE-fed rats. The levels of urinary 8-hydroxyguanosine were similar among rats fed different diets. KEYWORDS - CLASSIFICATION: administration & dosage;analogs & derivatives;analysis;Animals;Anthocyanins;Bile;Bile Acids and Salts;Biological Availability;Biological Markers;Body Weight;Cell Division;chemistry;Colon;Colonic Neoplasms;Cyclooxygenase 2;dietary modulation of cancer & cancer biomarkers;dietary modulation of carcinogenesis-related pathways;drug effects;Eating;Feces;Food;Fruit;genetics;Guanine;humans;Male;pathology;pharmacokinetics;Phytotherapy;Plant Extracts;prevention & control;Rats;Rats,Inbred F344;Research;RNA,Messenger;Rosaceae;Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms;urine;Vaccinium myrtillus;Vitis;Water;
    ISSN
    0163-5581
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1207/s15327914nc5401_10
    Scopus Count
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