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    The aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent deregulation of cell cycle control induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rat liver epithelial cells.

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    Authors
    Andrysik, Zdenek
    Vondracek, Jan
    Machala, Miroslav
    Krcmar, Pavel
    Svihalkova-Sindlerova, Lenka
    Kranz, Anne
    Weiss, Carsten
    Faust, Dagmar
    Kozubík, Alois
    Dietrich, Cornelia
    Issue Date
    2007-02-03
    
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    Abstract
    Disruption of cell proliferation control by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may contribute to their carcinogenicity. We investigated role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in disruption of contact inhibition in rat liver epithelial WB-F344 'stem-like' cells, induced by the weakly mutagenic benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) and by the strongly mutagenic benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). There were significant differences between the effects of BaA and BbF, and those of the strongly genotoxic BaP. Both BaA and BbF increased percentage of cells entering S-phase and cell numbers, associated with an increased expression of Cyclin A and Cyclin A/cdk2 complex activity. Their effects were significantly reduced in cells expressing a dominant-negative AhR mutant (dnAhR). Roscovitine, a chemical inhibitor of cdk2, abolished the induction of cell proliferation by BbF. However, neither BaA nor BbF modulated expression of the principal cdk inhibitor involved in maintenance of contact inhibition, p27(Kip1), or pRb phosphorylation. The strongly mutagenic BaP induced apoptosis, a decrease in total cell numbers and significantly higher percentage of cells entering S-phase than either BaA or BbF. Given that BaP induced high levels of Cyclin A/cdk2 activity, downregulation of p27(Kip1) and hyperphosphorylation of pRb, the accumulation of cells in S-phase was probably due to cell proliferation, although S-phase arrest due to blocked replication forks can not be excluded. Both types of effects of BaP were significantly attenuated in dnAhR cells. Transfection of WB-F344 cells with siRNA targeted against AhR decreased induction of Cyclin A induced by BbF or BaP, further supporting the role of AhR in proliferative effects of PAHs. This suggest that activation of AhR plays a significant role both in disruption of contact inhibition by weakly mutagenic PAHs and in genotoxic effects of BaP possibly leading to enhanced cell proliferation. Thus, PAHs may increase proliferative rate and the likelihood of fixation of mutations.
    Citation
    Mutat. Res. 2007, 615 (1-2):87-97.
    Journal
    Mutation Research
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10146/24113
    DOI
    10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.10.004
    PubMed ID
    17141280
    Additional Links
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T2C-4MG6TG3-2&_user=1843694&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000055040&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1843694&md5=7506993613586975fac9966b94f8deb5
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0027-5107
    Sponsors
    This work was partly supported by ECNIS, European Union 6th Framework Program, Priority 5: “Food Quality and Safety” (Contract No. 513943).
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.10.004
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