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    Oxidative stress and DNA damage caused by the urban air pollutant 3-NBA and its isomer 2-NBA in human lung cells analyzed with three independent methods.

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    Authors
    Nagy, Eszter
    Johansson, Clara
    Zeisig, Magnus
    Moller, Lennart
    Issue Date
    2005-11-15
    
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    Abstract
    The air pollutant 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA), emitted in diesel exhaust, is a potent mutagen and genotoxin. 3-NBA can isomerise to 2-nitrobenzanthrone (2-NBA), which can become more than 70-fold higher in concentration in ambient air. In this study, three independent methods have been employed to evaluate the oxidative stress and genotoxicity of 2-NBA compared to 3-NBA in the human A549 lung cell line. HPLC-EC/UV was applied for measurements of oxidative damage in the form of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), (32)P-HPLC for measurements of lipophilic DNA-adducts, and the Comet assay to measure a variety of DNA lesions, including oxidative stress. No significant oxidative damage from either isomer was found regarding formation of 8-oxodG analysed using HPLC-EC/UV. However, the Comet assay (with FPG-treatment), which is more sensitive and detects more types of damages compared to HPLC-EC/UV, showed a significant effect from both 3-NBA and 2-NBA. (32)P-HPLC revealed a strong DNA-adduct formation from both 3-NBA and 2-NBA, and also a significant difference between both isomers compared to negative control. These results clearly show that 2-NBA has a genotoxic potential. Even if the DNA-adduct forming capacity and the amount of DNA lesions measured with the (32)P-HPLC and Comet assay is about one third of 3-NBA, the high abundance of 2-NBA in ambient air calls for further investigation and evaluation of its health hazard.
    Citation
    J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 2005, 827(1):94-103
    Journal
    Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10146/234451
    DOI
    10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.03.014
    PubMed ID
    16260381
    Additional Links
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570023205002126
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1570-0232
    Sponsors
    This project was supported by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The authors of this paper are partners of the EU network of ECNIS (European Cancer Risk, Nutrition and Individual Susceptibility).
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.03.014
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